当父母选择日托时，他们是在选择一个人或企业，一次将孩子的安全和福祉委托给他们几个小时。出于这个原因，父母密切关注他们选择安全背景设施的指标，包括许可、保险、良好的声誉和背景调查。如果您是第一次选择日托，或者考虑开设自己的日托业务，您可能想知道：日托背景调查需要什么？
从历史上看，没有联邦法律要求对该国所有日托企业进行特定的背景调查。然而，联邦法律长期以来一直要求每个州都实施自己的政策来保护儿童保育。这项法律，即联邦儿童保育和发展集体补助金，于 2014 年重新授权和更新。更新后的法律要求每个州对任何受监管的儿童保育机构或提供者进行“全面的背景调查”。这一要求将开创日托背景调查的新时代，提供从一个州到另一个州的更多一致性。
“受监管”是指托儿服务提供者获得国家许可。要获得州执照，托儿服务提供者必须满足健康和安全要求，为了满足这些要求，提供者必须通过定期设施检查并对所有员工进行背景调查。
在这一点上，每个州对受监管的托儿设施的日托背景调查仍然因州而异。未来几年，各州将需要调整其政策，以遵守联邦对“全面背景调查”的呼吁。这些检查将包括：
FBI指纹背景调查
性犯罪者登记处检查——国家犯罪信息中心的国家性犯罪者登记处检查和州登记处或存储库
基于州的虐待和忽视儿童登记检查
基于州的犯罪历史检查
对于基于州的检查，雇主应该检查候选人目前居住的州和他们过去五年居住过的任何州的登记处和数据库。如果日托工作人员的工作持续那么长时间，所有这些检查都必须每五年重复一次。
虽然县犯罪历史检查未列为联邦要求的一部分，但日托机构也应考虑此类检查。州存储库并不总是包含来自县法院的最新犯罪记录信息。搜索候选人在过去五年中居住过的县记录可以为背景调查过程增加另一层彻底性。
一些家庭日托设施受到监管；其他人不是。不受监管的家庭日托通常只允许在任何时候照顾少数儿童。这些日托不需要达到与受监管日托相同的标准，但仍建议这样做以确保儿童安全。通常，父母应该寻找符合标准日托背景调查和检查要求的日托。
When a parent chooses a daycare, they are picking a person or business to entrust with their child’s safety and wellbeing for hours at a time. For this reason, parents pay close attention to indicators they are choosing a safe background facility, including licensing, insurance, a good reputation, and background checks. If you are picking a daycare for the first time, or thinking about opening your own daycare business, you might be wondering: what do daycare background checks entail?
Historically, there has been no federal law demanding specific background checks for all daycare businesses in the country. However, federal law has long required that every state implement its own policies to protect kids in childcare. This law, the federal Child Care and Development Block Grant, was reauthorized and updated in 2014. The update made it a legal requirement for every state to run “comprehensive background checks” on any regulated childcare facility or provider. This requirement will usher in a new era of daycare background checks that provides more consistency from one state to the next.
“Regulated” means the childcare provider is licensed by the state. To earn a state license, childcare providers must meet health and safety requirements, and to meet those requirements, providers must pass regular facility inspections and conduct background checks of all staff.
At this point, the daycare background checks each state requires for regulated childcare facilities still vary from one state to the next. In the coming years, states will need to adjust their policies to abide by the federal call for “comprehensive background checks.” These checks will include:
FBI fingerprint background checks
Sex offender registry checks—both of the National Crime Information Center’s National Sex Offender Registry checks and state registries or repositories
State-based child abuse and neglect registry checks
State-based criminal history checks
For state-based checks, employers are expected to check registries and databases in both the state where the candidate lives currently and any state where they have lived in the past five years. All these checks must be repeated every five years, should a daycare staff member’s employment last that long.
While county criminal history checks are not listed as part of the federal requirements, daycares should also consider this type of check. State repositories do not always include the latest criminal record information from county courts. A search of county records where the candidate has lived in the past five years can add another layer of thoroughness to the background check process.
Some in-home daycare facilities are regulated; others are not. Unregulated in-home daycares are typically only allowed to care for a small number of children at any one time. These daycares are not required to meet the same standards as regulated daycares but are still advised to do so to ensure child safety. As a rule, parents should look for daycares that have met standard daycare background check and inspection requirements.
