对于拼车公司来说，信任问题是最重要的。如果骑手不相信司机是安全的，他们根本不会骑车。但“安全”是一个主观衡量标准。究竟什么才是“安全”拼车？安全纯粹是关于干净和清晰的员工驾驶历史，还是应该考虑过去的犯罪行为？如果骑手知道他们的司机被判有罪，他们还会骑车吗？如果那次犯罪发生在七年多以前呢？
随着对零工经济的监督和监管的发展，围绕拼车背景调查以及如何使它们为依赖速度和效率来维持业务的企业服务的问题也在不断发展。
当前的背景调查政策
背景调查政策可能因公司和司法管辖区（包括州和市）而异。虽然背景调查服务多种多样，但机动车报告和犯罪背景调查与拼车最相关。让我们仔细看看拼车组织通常如何使用背景筛选服务。
机动车报告
机动车辆报告是关于每个州机动车辆部门的个别司机的信息。第三方背调 从 DMV 检索信息以汇编三到七年的驾驶历史，因此拼车可以确定他们只是让安全和负责任的司机在方向盘后。以下是拼车考虑的驾驶相关信息示例：
司机必须持有有效的驾驶执照。
驾驶员必须满足在美国获得执照驾驶经验的最低时间要求。例如，如果驾驶员未满 23 岁，一些供应商要求至少 3 年，而其他供应商只要求一年的驾驶经验。
驾驶员必须拥有不受取消资格限制的有效驾照。
驾驶记录必须没有重大违规行为，最近有轻微违规行为可能会导致取消资格。取消资格的示例可能包括以下内容：
近三年4次以上轻微搬家违规
近三年发生一次重大搬家违规
过去有酒驾或其他与毒品有关的驾驶违规行为
过去与驾驶有关的严重定罪
一些拼车公司还表示，他们会对司机的记录进行持续监控或定期重新筛选，以确保记录中没有任何可能取消资格的违规行为。
犯罪背景调查
由于乘客安全是一个至关重要的问题，拼车公司使用刑事筛查来揭示司机潜在的不合格行为。也就是说，拼车和其他零工经济工作的价值之一是，它们为可能被排除在更传统工作之外的个人提供了赚钱机会。有犯罪记录的人完全属于这一类。拼车公司在为广泛的司机提供盈利潜力、保护乘客和建立信任声誉之间寻找一条复杂的路线。同样，虽然这方面没有固定的标准，而且拼车公司的政策也在不断发展，但许多州和司法管辖区都有自己的标准。
目前，不同的拼车服务提供商对什么构成取消犯罪行为有不同的指导方针。这些不同方法的示例包括：
有些罪行无论何时发生都被列为不合格，包括谋杀、性侵犯、劫车、抢劫、人口贩运和恐怖主义。
有些人认为重罪、暴力犯罪和性犯罪的定罪和未决指控被取消资格。
在过去七年内犯下的酒后驾车、毒品犯罪以及某些盗窃或财产损失定罪可能被列为不合格。
几家拼车公司还制定了每年对所有司机重新进行背景调查的政策，并声明需要在平台上保留最新的调查。
技术在拼车背景调查中的作用
零工经济发展迅速，速度对于企业及其司机来说都至关重要。驾驶员希望能够注册开车并快速上路，而拼车平台希望能够以最少的麻烦和最少的费用高效地为安全的驾驶员上车。双方都不想跳过不必要的障碍或放慢脚步等待背景调查结果。然而，背景筛选对双方来说也确实是必不可少的。这是一种依赖陌生人进入彼此汽车的商业模式。如果没有可靠的技术，对拼车司机的背景调查根本不可行。
幸运的是，筛选技术和界面技术的进步使得进行背景筛选变得快速而灵活，这对共享经济来说是个好消息。第三方背调 提供与任何平台无缝集成的 API，为 Web 和移动应用程序提供流畅、自动化的筛选过程。司机可以通过自己的手机将个人信息直接输入拼车公司的应用程序。我们的 API 使用该信息来搜索法庭记录、机动车报告、就业记录、社会保障记录等。结果可以通过相同的界面连同完全合规的同意书和其他报告一起传递给拼车和司机。不需要多个数据输入点、冗余系统或复杂的表格。一个司机，一个移动设备，
底线
主要的拼车公司正在认真对待安全和安保，他们的方法有很多共同点。一个常见的线索是拼车平台使用经过认证的第三方筛选机构进行背景调查，这意味着他们获得的信息是彻底和可靠的，并且符合联邦、州和地方法规。
employee driving history, or should past criminal behavior also be considered? Will riders still ride if they know their driver was convicted of a crime? What if that crime was more than seven years ago?
As oversight and regulation of the gig economy evolve, so do questions surrounding rideshare background checks and how to make them work for businesses that rely on speed and efficiency to stay in business.
Current Background Check Policies
Background check policies can vary from company to company and by jurisdiction, including state and municipality. While background check services are varied, motor vehicle reports and criminal background checks are the most relevant to rideshares. Let’s take a closer look at how rideshare organizations typically use background screening services.
Motor Vehicle Reports
A motor vehicle report is information about individual drivers from each state’s department of motor vehicles. Accurate retrieves information from DMVs to compile three- to seven-year driving histories so rideshares can be certain that they’re only putting safe and responsible drivers behind the wheel. The following are examples of driving-related information that rideshares consider:
Drivers must have a valid driver’s license.
Drivers are required to meet a minimum time requirement for licensed driving experience in the U.S. For example, some providers require a minimum of 3 years if the driver is under 23 years old while others simply ask for one year of driving experience.
Drivers must have an active license that’s free from disqualifying restrictions.
Driving records must be free from major violations and a recent history of minor violations may result in disqualification. Examples of disqualifiers may include the following:
Four+ minor moving violations in the past three years
One major moving violation in the past three years
A DUI or other drug-related driving violation in the past
A serious driving-related conviction in the past
Some rideshare firms also indicate that they conduct continuous monitoring or periodic rescreens on their drivers’ records to ensure that records remain clear of any potentially disqualifying violations.
Criminal Background Checks
Because passenger safety is a critical concern, criminal screening is used by rideshares to reveal potentially disqualifying behaviors in drivers. That said, one of the values of rideshare and other gig economy jobs is that they provide earning opportunities for individuals who might be excluded from more traditional jobs. Folks with criminal records fall squarely into this category. Rideshare companies are navigating a complex line between offering earning potential to a broad range of drivers while protecting their passengers and building a reputation of trust. Again, while there are no set standards in this area and rideshare companies’ policies are continuing to evolve, many states and jurisdictions have their own standards.
At the moment, different rideshare providers have different guidelines for what constitutes disqualifying criminal behavior. Examples of these different approaches include the following:
Some crimes are listed as disqualifying regardless of when they were committed, including murder, sexual assault, carjacking, robbery, human trafficking, and terrorism.
Convictions and pending charges for felonies, violent crimes, and sex offenses are considered by some to be disqualifying.
DUIs, drug offenses, and some theft or property damage convictions committed within the past seven years may be listed as disqualifying.
Several rideshare firms also have a policy of rerunning background checks annually for all drivers and state that up-to-date checks are required to remain on the platform.
The Role of Technology in Rideshare Background Checks
The gig economy moves fast, and speed is essential for both businesses and their drivers. Drivers want the ability to sign up to drive and get out on the road earning quickly and rideshare platforms want the ability to onboard safe drivers efficiently with minimum hassle and minimum expense. Neither side wants to jump through unnecessary hoops or slow down to wait for background check results. And yet background screenings are also genuinely essential for both sides. This is a business model that depends upon strangers getting into each other’s cars. Without solid technology, background checks for rideshare drivers are simply not feasible.
Luckily, advancements in screening techniques and interface technologies have made conducting background screenings fast and flexible, which is good news for the sharing economy. Accurate offers an API that seamlessly integrates with any platform, delivering a smooth, automated screening process to Web and mobile applications. Drivers can enter personal information from their own phone directly into the rideshare company’s app. Our API uses that info to search court records, motor vehicle reports, employment records, social security records, and more. Results can be delivered to the rideshare and the driver via the same interface along with fully compliant consent forms and other reports. There’s no need for multiple data entry points, redundant systems, or complicated forms. One driver, one mobile device, and one sophisticated API can do the trick.
Accurate’s sharing economy solution is:
Good for the rideshare companies because it’s flexible, reliable, and affordable
Good for the drivers because it’s quick and easy
Good for the consumer because it provides an important layer of safety
The Bottom Line
Major rideshare companies are taking safety and security seriously and their approaches have much in common. One common thread is that rideshare platforms use accredited third-party screening agencies to run their background checks, which means the information they obtain is thorough and reliable, and in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations.
