就业背景调查的周转时间是多少？

根据雇主需要的信息类型，背景调查可以在不到一分钟的时间内完成，也可能需要五个工作日。如果需要手动搜索或其他组织（例如专业执照认证、大学和以前的雇主）的合作，则可能需要更长的时间。

当您申请工作时，就业背景调查很常见。雇主还经常通过定期员工药物测试或年度犯罪背景调查对现有员工进行持续的背景调查，以确保安全的工作场所。

就业背景调查可以包括但不限于您的工作经历、教育、信用记录、驾驶记录、犯罪记录、病史、社交媒体的使用和药物筛查。

犯罪背景调查的周转时间是多少？

犯罪背景调查通常需要一到三个工作日，但可以更快地返回，具体取决于正在搜索的数据库，例如国家犯罪数据库。

什么是即时背景调查？

即时背景调查包括可通过经过验证的背景调查提供者有权访问的专门数据库在线搜索的基本信息。它通常包括基本搜索，例如社会安全号码 (SSN) 跟踪、国家犯罪数据库搜索和性犯罪者登记搜索。

由于背景调查服务通常可以快速收集这些信息，因此周转时间几乎是即时的。

联邦背景调查的周转时间是多少？

犯罪背景调查还可以搜索性犯罪者登记、县刑事法庭记录、国内和全球恐怖分子观察名单以及联邦和州犯罪记录。根据手动搜索要求，对这些数据库进行额外搜索可能需要一到三天的时间。

联邦背景调查的典型周转时间是一天。联邦背景调查在 94 个美国联邦法院 搜索违反联邦刑法的行为，例如联邦逃税、邮件欺诈、挪用公款、身份盗窃、州际贩运和在联邦财产上犯下的罪行。

由于联邦背景调查只搜索在联邦一级起诉的罪行，而不检查在州一级的定罪，因此大多数雇主会同时搜索联邦和州的犯罪记录，以获得关于申请人整个犯罪记录的综合报告，特别是如果他们正在招聘 C 级高管职位、注册会计师、公共部门员工或有权访问专有财务信息的人员。

根据州法律和特殊情况，检查通常包括七年前或更长时间的记录。

枪支背景检查的周转时间

通用背景调查或枪支背景调查由 FBI 执行，并通过 国家即时犯罪背景调查系统 (NICS) 在 2 到 3 分钟内处理完毕。

如果您想从有执照的制造商、经销商或进口商处购买枪支，这些检查是法律要求的，以确保您有资格购买枪支。在完成枪支销售之前，卖家将致电 FBI 或当地国家机构进行检查。

如果您的通用背景调查在销售点被延迟，您需要等待 3 个工作日才能完成购买。如果您被拒绝，您可以向 FBI提出上诉 。

指纹背景检查的周转时间

指纹背景检查会提交您的指纹并将其与集成自动指纹识别系统(IAFIS) 进行比较，该系统是由 FBI 管理的超过 3500 万美国人的指纹数据库。如果匹配成功，将在三天内返回响应。

指纹背景检查通常与另一项背景检查一起使用，最值得注意的是就业背景检查。公立学校和机场等政府机构以及执法机构、消防部门和医院都需要进行指纹检查。如果您要照顾未成年人、老人或其他弱势群体，其他雇主可能会要求您进行指纹背景检查。

如果您的打印质量很差，可能需要更长的处理时间或重新开始。如果您的指纹有犯罪记录，也可能需要更长的时间。

如果您在指纹背景检查之前从未进行过指纹识别，则该检查将不会返回任何结果，您的指纹将在那时提交给 IAFIS。

延误的可能原因

如果您的背景调查时间超过三到五天，以下是可能延迟的几个原因：

• 延误的最常见原因是检查申请表不准确或不完整，或者雇主未能获得联邦法律要求的由求职者签署的必要授权和释放表格。机构在收到书面同意之前不能开始背景调查。

• 大多数县法院记录都没有完全数字化。因此，这些搜索通常必须由县文员或法庭工作人员手动完成。根据县或案例，可能需要 3 到 30 天才能完成搜索的手动部分。

• 如果您在过去 10 年内曾在另一个国家上学或工作（对于某些雇主而言），则  可能需要进行国际背景调查。这些检查通常需要四到五天，具体取决于与国家的合作；但是，一些国家/地区有广泛的隐私保护法，可能需要长达 20 天才能完成。

• 别名和名称差异（例如，Steve、Steven、Stephen）可能会导致延误，需要背景调查服务进行人工检查以确认您的身份。过去使用不同的姓名，或者如果您的记录与具有相似或相同姓名的其他人的记录混淆，也可能导致您的背景调查延迟。

• 背景调查服务可能需要搜索多个来源以获取雇主所需的信息，并且某些数据库和来源（例如学校或以前的雇主）可能比其他数据库和来源需要更长的时间来搜索或验证。

得到雇主的回应

虽然背景调查本身可能需要长达五天的时间，但在检查完成后您可能不会立即收到雇主的回复。招聘人员可能正在对多个候选人进行多次背景调查，并希望在联系之前完成并审查所有这些。

或者，由于上述任何原因，您的背景调查的某个方面可能需要比预期更长的时间。如果已经超过一周，请不要害怕跟进招聘人员。

如果雇主在您的背景调查中发现可能会损害您获得工作机会的内容，则公平信用报告法 (FCRA) 要求 雇主 在决定不雇用您之前让您知道。

除了向您发送发现负面信息的背景调查副本外，雇主还必须提供“根据公平信用报告法案您的权利摘要”的副本。确保背景调查公司和征信机构遵守法律的联邦贸易委员会 (FTC) 建议雇主在五个工作日内发送此通知。

这份预先通知让您有机会更正错误或解释负面信息，例如犯罪记录、工作经历中的空白或信用记录报告中的不利项目。

底线

虽然大多数背景调查都会在预期的周转时间内返回，但在某些情况下可能会发生意外延迟。

如果您觉得您的背景调查花费的时间太长，请随时与要求进行背景调查的个人或公司联系，以确定延迟的原因。他们可能需要您提供更多信息，例如以前的地址或别名。但是，如果延迟超出了您的控制范围（例如手动处理延迟），那么至少您可以放心，因为这都是背景调查过程的一部分。 

How long does a background check take? Depending on the type of background check, information requested, and data sources, it can take just a few minutes or as long as five business days.

Find out what average turnaround times you can expect for five common background checks (federal, employment, universal, criminal, and fingerprint) and what to do if a background check is taking too long.

How Long Does a Background Check Take for a Job

There are many different types of background checks and the turnaround time for each varies based on the type of information requested, data source limitations, and legal requirements.

This article provides insight into average turnaround times for five common background checks and includes what these checks are used for, how the data is accessed, and possible reasons why turnaround times might be delayed.

What Are Turnaround Times for Employment Background Checks?

Depending on the type of information an employer needs, a background check can be ready in less than a minute, or it can take up to five business days. It can take longer if it requires manual searches or cooperation from other organizations, such as professional license certifications, universities, and previous employers.

Employment background checks are common when you’re applying for a job. Employers also often run ongoing background checks on current employees through regular employee drug testing or annual criminal background checks to ensure a safe workplace.

An employment background check can include, but is not limited to, your work history, education, credit history, driving record, criminal record, medical history, use of social media, and drug screening.

What Are Turnaround Times for Criminal Background Checks?

Possible Reasons for a Delay

If your background check is taking longer than three to five days, here are a few reasons why it might be delayed:

• The most common reason for a delay is inaccurate or incomplete check request forms, or failure by the employer to have the necessary authorization and release forms signed by a job applicant, which are required by federal law. Agencies cannot start a background check until they receive written consent.

• Most county court records are not fully digitized. Therefore, those searches must typically be done manually by a county clerk or a court runner. Depending on the county or case, it can take between 3 to 30 days to complete the manual portion of the search.

• If you’ve lived in another country for school or work—for some employers, within the last 10 years—an international background check may be required. These checks usually take four to five days depending on cooperation with the country; however, some countries have extensive privacy protection laws and can take up to 20 days to complete.

• Aliases and name variances (e.g., Steve, Steven, Stephen) can cause delays and requires a manual check by the background check service to confirm your identity. Using different names in the past, or if your record is mixed up with someone else’s who has a similar or same name, can also cause your background check to be delayed.

• The background check service may need to search several sources for the information the employer needs, and some databases and sources, such as schools or previous employers, may take longer to search or verify than others.

Getting a Response from an Employer

While a background check itself can take up to five days, you may not hear back from the employer immediately after the check is complete. The recruiter may be running multiple background checks for several candidates and wants to complete and review all of them before reaching out.

Alternatively, it’s possible that an aspect of your background check is taking longer than anticipated for any of the reasons described above. If it’s been longer than a week, don’t be afraid to follow up with the recruiter.

If an employer finds something in your background check that could hurt your chances of getting the job, the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) requires that employers let you know before deciding not to hire you.

In addition to sending you a copy of the background check where the negative information was found, an employer must also provide a copy of “A Summary of Your Rights Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act.” The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the organization that ensures background check companies and credit bureaus are following the law, recommends that employers send this notice within five business days.

This advance notice provides an opportunity for you to correct errors or explain negative information, such as criminal records, gaps in employment history, or unfavorable items on your credit history report.

The Bottom Line

While the majority of background checks are returned within the expected turnaround times, there are situations where unexpected delays can occur.

If you feel like your background check is taking too long, don’t hesitate to reach out to the person or company who requested the check to determine why there’s a delay. They may require more information from you, such as previous addresses or aliases. But if the delay is beyond your control—such as manual processing delays—then at least you may have some peace of mind knowing it’s all part of the background check process.