2021年有许多新的立法和监管变化对驾驶员资格要求。这些举措是为州和联邦层面更强大和更全面的报告基础设施奠定基础的开始阶段。
MVR 的医疗证明
到 2021年 1 月底，所有商业驾驶执照 (CDL) 持有者都需要向其所在州的驾驶执照机构 (SDLA) 提供有关他们驾驶或预计驾驶的商用机动车辆类型的信息他们的 CDL。
在某些类型的商业（指定为非例外州际商业）中经营的司机将被要求向其 SDLA 提交当前的体检证书，以获得“经认证的”医疗状况作为其驾驶记录的一部分。需要具有“认证”医疗状态的 CDL 持有人如果未能提供并及时更新其体检医师的证书和 SDLA，将成为“未认证”并可能失去其 CDL。
2021 年 1 月 30 日之后，在其 MVR 上没有医疗认证状态信息的非例外的州际 CDL 持有人将被指定为“未认证”，以在州际贸易中运营商用机动车辆。截至 2013 年 9 月 3 日，已有 29 个州在 MVR 上报告此医疗认证信息（占州总数的 58%），其中 3 个州处于开发阶段。
国家注册体检医师注册 (NRCME)
明年春天，我们将看到影响体检和认证过程的变化。从 2021 年 5 月 21 日起，只有那些获得 FMCSA 认证并在国家注册体检医师登记处 (NRCME) 上列出的考官才能对驾驶员进行 DOT 体检。
同样从同一天开始，雇主必须验证司机是否已获得 NRCME 上列出的体检医师的认证。
受控物质和酒精测试结果的国家信息交换所
另一个迫在眉睫的变化集中在“推动 21 世纪进步法案”下的要求，该法案于 2020 年 7 月由奥巴马总统签署成为法律。
由于涉及驾驶员资格，到 2021 年 6 月，美国交通部 (DOT) 必须建立一个国家信息交换所，用于记录药物测试结果呈阳性、拒绝测试以及商用机动车辆违反 49 CFR Part 382 的其他行为运营商。雇主必须使用票据交换所来确定是否存在就业禁令。
驾驶记录通知系统
同样到 2021年 6 月，交通部必须制定建议和计划，以创建国家驾驶记录通知系统。
该系统将自动向雇主提供一份由适当的国家机构生成的报告，该报告表明雇主的驾驶执照状态因违规行驶、事故、驾驶执照吊销、驾驶执照吊销或任何其他原因而发生变化。对驾驶特权采取的行动。
最后，《21 世纪进步法案》要求，到 2021 年 6 月，各州必须建立并保持以电子方式从认证体检医师处接收体检医师证书的能力，作为其驾驶员信息系统的一部分。
Medical Certifications on MVRs
By the end of January 2014, all commercial drivers license (CDL) holders will be required to provide information to their state driver licensing agency (SDLA) regarding the type of commercial motor vehicle they drive in or expect to drive in with their CDL.
Drivers operating in certain types of commerce (designated as non-excepted interstate commerce) will be required to submit a current medical examiner’s certificate to their SDLA to obtain a “certified” medical status as part of their driving record. CDL holders required to have a “certified” medical status who fail to provide and keep up-to-date their medical examiner’s certificate with their SDLA will become “not certified” and may lose their CDL.
After January 30, 2014, a non-excepted, interstate CDL holder without medical certification status information on their MVR will be designated “not-certified” to operate a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce. As of September 3, 2013, 29 states are reporting this medical certification information on the MVR (58% of the total states) and 3 states are in the development phase.
National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (NRCME)
Next spring we will see changes that impact the medical examination and certification process. Starting May 21, 2014, only those examiners certified by the FMCSA and listed on the National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners (NRCME) will be able to perform DOT medical examinations of drivers.
Also beginning on the same date, employers must verify that a driver was certified by a medical examiner listed on the NRCME.
National Clearinghouse for Controlled Substance and Alcohol Test Results
Another looming change centers on requirements imposed under the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, which was signed into law by President Obama in July 2012.
As it relates to driver qualifications, by June of 2014, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) must have established a national clearinghouse for records of positive drug test results, refusals to test, and other violations of 49 CFR Part 382 by commercial motor vehicle operators. Employers must use the clearinghouse to determine whether employment prohibitions exist.
Driver Record Notification System
Also by June 2014, the DOT must formulate recommendations and a plan for the creation of a national driver record notification system.
This system will automatically furnish an employer with a report generated by the appropriate state agency on the change in the status of an employer’s driver’s license due to a conviction for a moving violation, an accident, driver’s license suspension, driver’s license revocation, or any other action taken against the driving privilege.
Lastly, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act requires that by June 2017, states must establish and maintain the capability to receive medical examiner’s certificates from certified medical examiners electronically as part of their driver information systems.
